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chai hu 柴胡

by: Joe Hing Kwok Chu

　
Pharmaceutical name: Radix Bupleuri
Latin botanical name: Bupleurum chinense DC. (north chai hu) or Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Wild.(south chai hu or xi chai hu or ruan chai hu)
Pron. in Japanese: saiko
Pron. in Korean: siho
Pron. in Cantonese: chai wu
Common Name: thorowax root, hare's ear root
Distribution:  
Properties (characteristics) bitter, slightly cold.
Channels (meridians) entered: liver, gall bladder, pericardium, triple fire
Actions & Indications: to disperse heat and fever, improve yang. For cold and influenza, alternating chill and fever, malaria, fullness in chest and rib cage, irregular menses, prolapse of uterus, and prolapse of rectum.
Medical Function: 1. effect on CNS: calming, pain relieving, antipyretic, reducing heat

2. anti inflammation

3. effect on immune system

4 effect on digestive system

5. effect on heart and blood vessels

6. effect on excretion of urine

small amount improves urination and large amount does not have the effect

7. anti tumor

8. anti bacteria, virus, and amoeba

9 effect on metabolism

 

 
Chemical ingredients: Vaporizing oils: 2-methyl cyclopentaone, limonene, myrcene, (+)-carvone, trans-tarved carveol, pulegone, myrtenol, α-terpineol, linalool, geraniol, n-tridecane, (E) - geranylacetone, α-cubebene, humulene, trans-caryophyllene, longifolene, nootkatone, hexadecanoic acid, hexahydrofarnesylacetone, pentanic acid, caproic acid, heptylic acid, 2-heptenic acid, caprylic acid, 2-octenic acid, pelargonic acid, 2-nonenic acid, phenol, O-methoxy phenol, gamma-heptalactone, gamma-decalactone, eugenol, gamma-undecalactone, methyl phenol, ethyl phenol, thymol, messoia lactone, vanillin acetate.

 

β-terpinene, limonene, β-fenchene, pulegone, isoborneol, β-terpineol, α-copaene, humulene, a-farnesene, aromadendrene, cis-caryophyllene, trans-caryophyllene, β-elemene, gamma-muurolene, patchoulane, nootkatone, ledol.

 

2. Saponins: Saikosaponin, saikogenin, longispinogenin.

 

3. Organic acids: Oleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, steaeric acid, lignoceric acid.

 

4. Ethanol  group: α-spinasterol, delta7-stimasteneol, delta22-stigmaastenol, stigmasterol, adonitol, bupleuromol.

 

5. Others: Angelicin, calcium, potassium, aluminum
Dosage: 3 to 12 g
Samples of formulae: xiao chai hu tang,  Eye Viral Infection

See other formulae
Modern Application: 1. to reduce fever

2. cough

3. viral infection of the liver

4. to lower alt and ast:

Prescription: wu wei zi 50 g, chai hu 30 g, gan cao, 30 g.  Simmer with water. Make into 2 servings. Take after meal. 1 to 3 months is one therapy period. This formula was used by 48 patients. The enzyme levels of all patients were close to normal after treatments.[6]

5. for high lipids of blood

6. globus hystericus

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Cautions: mildly toxic. Not for use in cases of yin deficiency cough or headache due to ascending liver fire.

Overdose causes headaches, dizziness, vomiting, tremors, gastroenteritis, and pathogenic erections.

There were report of cases of mortality of  bronchointerstitial pneumonia suspected were being caused by the combined use of chai hu formulae and interferon.

有將柴胡製劑與干擾素併用，引發間質性肺炎而死亡的案例。

　

last updated:  Aug 6,  2003

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